DNA Fingerprinting

Introduction:

1. DNA is unique for everyone. The only exception is if a person has what?
Except if someone is an identical twin.

2. What are DNA fingerprints used for?
To determine who did what at a crime scene or a forensic site.

Part 1 “It Takes a Lickin”

3. What “crime” was committed?
Someone broke an entering into his room and licked his lollipop.

4. What bodily fluid was removed from the “crime scene” to get DNA?
Saliva was removed.

Part 2 “DNA Fingerprinting at the NOVA Lab”

5. What does a restriction enzyme do?
It cuts the long DNA molecule at certain places.

6. What is agarose gel?
A thick porous jello-like substance that acts like a strainer.

7. What is electrophoresis?
It is the process of moving molecules along an electric current.

8. Smaller fragments of DNA move more easily than longer strands.


9. Why do you need to place a nylon membrane over the gel?
The gel is hard to work with so you transfer the DNA to the nylon membrane.

10. Probes attach themselves to the nylon membrane.


11. Which chemical in your “virtual lab” is radioactive?
The probes which are radioactively labeled.

12. Sketch your DNA fingerprint.
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13. Based on your DNA fingerprint, who licked the lollipop?
Honey Sweet

Click on the Link “DNA Workshop” (if this link won't load, scroll down to the bottom where it says "try the non-java script version)
Once you’re there, go to the link “DNA Workshop Activity” and practice with DNA replication and protein synthesis.

Browse the DNA Workshop site.


14. What kinds of things could you do at the DNA workshop?

You can do activities and research about famous geneticists.

Mitosis

1. Which stage does the following occur
Chromatin condenses into chromosomes: prophase
Chromosomes align in center of cell: metaphase
Longest part of the cell cycle: interphase
Nuclear envelope breaks down: prometaphase
Cell is cleaved into two new daughter cells: cytokinesis
Daughter chromosomes arrive at the poles: telophase
2. The colored chromosomes represent chromatids. There are two of each color because one is an exact duplicate of the other.
--How many chromosomes are visible at the beginning of mitosis? 0
-- How many are in each daughter cell at the end of mitosis?4
--The little green T shaped things on the cell are: daughter chromosomes
-- What happens to the centrioles during mitosis? They divide
3 . Identify the stages of these cells:
a)metaphase
b)telophase
c)prophase
4. View the animation and describe the stages:
Prophase: Daughter chromosomes moving to either end of the splitting cell, and the chromosomes have begun to divide.
Metaphase: The daughter cells are pulling ht Roth chromosomes towards them to become their own cell.
Telophase: About to become their own cells, the daughter cells put up a barrier between them.

5. You will have 36 cells to classify. When you’re finished, record your data in the chart below.

	Interphase	Prophase	Metaphase	Anaphase	Telophase	Total
Number of cells	20	10	3	2	1	36
Percent of cells (calculate: number of cells divided by total cells x 100 )	55.55%	27.77%	8.33%	5.55%	2.77%	100 %

6. For each organism, identify the stage of mitosis.

	View 1	View 2	View 3	View 4	View 5 (Onion Only)
Whitefish	Cytokinesis	Interphase	Prophase	Anaphase
Onion	Anaphase	Metaphse	Interphase	Interphase	Telophase